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Data availability
Just over 3 billion people are online with an estimated 17 billion connected devices or sensors. [9] That generates a large amount of data which, combined with decreasing costs of data storage, is easily available for use. Machine learning can use this as training data for learning algorithms, developing new rules to perform increasingly complex tasks.
Just over 3 billion people are online with an estimated 17 billion connected devices or sensors. That generates a large amount of data which, combined with decreasing costs of data storage, is easily available for use. Machine learning can use this as training data for learning algorithms, developing new rules to perform increasingly complex tasks.
Just over 3 billion people are online with an estimated 17 billion connected devices or sensors. [9] That generates a large amount of data which, combined with decreasing costs of data storage, is easily available for use. Machine learning can use this as training data for learning algorithms, developing new rules to perform increasingly complex tasks.
Just over 3 billion people are online with an estimated 17 billion connected devices or sensors. That generates a large amount of data which, combined with decreasing costs of data storage, is easily available for use. Machine learning can use this as training data for learning algorithms, developing new rules to perform increasingly complex tasks.
Just over 3 billion people are online with an estimated 17 billion connected devices or sensors. That generates a large amount of data which, combined with decreasing costs of data storage, is easily available for use. Machine learning can use this as training data for learning algorithms, developing new rules to perform increasingly complex tasks.
Just over 3 billion people are online with an estimated 17 billion connected devices or sensors. [9] That generates a large amount of data which, combined with decreasing costs of data storage, is easily available for use. Machine learning can use this as training data for learning algorithms, developing new rules to perform increasingly complex tasks.
Just over 3 billion people are online with an estimated 17 billion connected devices or sensors. That generates a large amount of data which, combined with decreasing costs of data storage, is easily available for use. Machine learning can use this as training data for learning algorithms, developing new rules to perform increasingly complex tasks.
Posted by:
Chathuri Super admin..
Posted on: #iteachmsu
Data availability
Just over 3 billion people are online with an estimated 17 billion ...
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Monday, Mar 25, 2019
Posted on: #iteachmsu
ASSESSING LEARNING
Which Foods You Should Eat To Increase Hemoglobin Count?
Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein in red blood cells (RBCs). The normal hemoglobin range for men is 13.5 to 17.5 gm/dL and 12 to 15.5 gm/dL for women. It is of utmost importance to maintain hemoglobin concentration.
What you need to know:
What functions does hemoglobin perform in our bodies?
What causes low hemoglobin?
Symptoms of low hemoglobin
What are the foods that can increase hemoglobin level?
Tips to increase your hemoglobin levels
What functions does hemoglobin perform in our bodies?
Hemoglobin is vital for carrying oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs. It also transports carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.
What causes low hemoglobin?
Some common causes of low hemoglobin are:
Substantial blood loss
Deficiency in iron, vitamin B, and folate
Kidney disease
Hypothyroidism
Thalassemia
Lung diseases
Excessive smoking
Any type of blood loss can cause anemia, including blood loss from surgery, heavy menstrual periods, and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
Symptoms of low hemoglobin
You can detect extremely low hemoglobin levels in your system in a few ways. They include
A fast or irregular heartbeat
Fatigue
Frequent or unexplained bruising
Shortness of breath
Liver and kidney disease
Pale skin and gums
Muscle weakness
Reoccurring headaches
Dizziness
Poor appetite
Anemia in severe cases
Elevated hemoglobin levels are associated with dehydration, heart failure, and chronic lung disease. In some conditions, the bone marrow may not produce enough RBCs, leading to cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, or tumors that spread from other parts of the body into the bone marrow.
What are the foods that can improve your hemoglobin levels?
It is essential to boost your food intake to raise your hemoglobin levels. Here are some foods to increase hemoglobin levels:
Iron-rich foods: Consume iron-rich foods like fish, meat, eggs, soy products, broccoli, green leafy vegetables that include spinach, fenugreek leaves, cauliflower, green peas, cabbage, green beans, nuts and seeds, and peanut butter, to increase your hemoglobin levels.
Vitamin A: It is pertinent to consume vitamin A foods to increase hemoglobin as they absorb more iron. Vitamin A and beta-carotene can help you there. Vitamin A is found in animal food sources, such as fish and liver. Beta-carotene is found in red, yellow, and orange fruits and vegetables.
Folate: Folate is a type of Vitamin B that plays an essential part in hemoglobin production. A shortage of folate can prevent the red blood cells from maturing, leading to anemia. Some good sources of folate include beef, rice, black-eyed peas, kidney beans, lettuce, and peanuts.
Foods rich in vitamin C: A combination of iron and vitamin C can prove to be beneficial. The latter is used for better absorption of iron. Foods rich in vitamin C include oranges, lemon, strawberries, papaya, bell peppers, broccoli, and tomatoes.
Fruits: It is also perfect to have fruits like beetroot, apple, watermelon, papaya, oranges, litchis, kiwis, strawberries, grapefruit, banana, and peach, which can boost hemoglobin levels. Plus, dry fruits, like dates, can increase the number of erythrocytes, thereby increasing hemoglobin levels. They contain iron, vitamin C, vitamin B complex, and folic acid, which helps in the formation of red blood cells. Raisins are also a rich source of iron and copper necessary to form red blood cells.
Avoid iron blockers: Foods that block your body’s ability to absorb iron, such as coffee, tea, alcohol, and aerated drinks, should be avoided.
Tips to increase your hemoglobin levels
Here are some tips to keep in mind to increase your hemoglobin levels:
Switch to brown rice: As a superfood, brown rice can help prevent various diseases related to cholesterol and the gastrointestinal system. It is rich in iron, containing 0.52 milligrams of iron for every 100 grams.
Enjoy dark chocolate: With over 80% of cocoa, dark chocolate naturally improves hemoglobin levels. Plus, it is loaded with minerals, nutrients and antioxidants.
Drink nettle tea: The spice nettle has also proven to be a good source of iron and vitamin B and C. They can also play a part in increasing hemoglobin levels.
Exercise: Take up moderate to high-intensity exercise to help your body produce more hemoglobin to meet the oxygen demands of your body.
Stay tuned to the Activ Living Community. Keep up to date with the latest health tips and trends through expert videos, podcasts, articles, and much more in nutrition, fitness, mindfulness, and lifestyle conditions like Asthma, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Diabetes.
You may also be interested in the following blogs:
10 Vegetarian Foods That Are Rich In Iron
Want to Add Iron Rich Foods to Add in Your Diet? Check Out These Iron Rich Foods.
What you need to know:
What functions does hemoglobin perform in our bodies?
What causes low hemoglobin?
Symptoms of low hemoglobin
What are the foods that can increase hemoglobin level?
Tips to increase your hemoglobin levels
What functions does hemoglobin perform in our bodies?
Hemoglobin is vital for carrying oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs. It also transports carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.
What causes low hemoglobin?
Some common causes of low hemoglobin are:
Substantial blood loss
Deficiency in iron, vitamin B, and folate
Kidney disease
Hypothyroidism
Thalassemia
Lung diseases
Excessive smoking
Any type of blood loss can cause anemia, including blood loss from surgery, heavy menstrual periods, and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
Symptoms of low hemoglobin
You can detect extremely low hemoglobin levels in your system in a few ways. They include
A fast or irregular heartbeat
Fatigue
Frequent or unexplained bruising
Shortness of breath
Liver and kidney disease
Pale skin and gums
Muscle weakness
Reoccurring headaches
Dizziness
Poor appetite
Anemia in severe cases
Elevated hemoglobin levels are associated with dehydration, heart failure, and chronic lung disease. In some conditions, the bone marrow may not produce enough RBCs, leading to cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, or tumors that spread from other parts of the body into the bone marrow.
What are the foods that can improve your hemoglobin levels?
It is essential to boost your food intake to raise your hemoglobin levels. Here are some foods to increase hemoglobin levels:
Iron-rich foods: Consume iron-rich foods like fish, meat, eggs, soy products, broccoli, green leafy vegetables that include spinach, fenugreek leaves, cauliflower, green peas, cabbage, green beans, nuts and seeds, and peanut butter, to increase your hemoglobin levels.
Vitamin A: It is pertinent to consume vitamin A foods to increase hemoglobin as they absorb more iron. Vitamin A and beta-carotene can help you there. Vitamin A is found in animal food sources, such as fish and liver. Beta-carotene is found in red, yellow, and orange fruits and vegetables.
Folate: Folate is a type of Vitamin B that plays an essential part in hemoglobin production. A shortage of folate can prevent the red blood cells from maturing, leading to anemia. Some good sources of folate include beef, rice, black-eyed peas, kidney beans, lettuce, and peanuts.
Foods rich in vitamin C: A combination of iron and vitamin C can prove to be beneficial. The latter is used for better absorption of iron. Foods rich in vitamin C include oranges, lemon, strawberries, papaya, bell peppers, broccoli, and tomatoes.
Fruits: It is also perfect to have fruits like beetroot, apple, watermelon, papaya, oranges, litchis, kiwis, strawberries, grapefruit, banana, and peach, which can boost hemoglobin levels. Plus, dry fruits, like dates, can increase the number of erythrocytes, thereby increasing hemoglobin levels. They contain iron, vitamin C, vitamin B complex, and folic acid, which helps in the formation of red blood cells. Raisins are also a rich source of iron and copper necessary to form red blood cells.
Avoid iron blockers: Foods that block your body’s ability to absorb iron, such as coffee, tea, alcohol, and aerated drinks, should be avoided.
Tips to increase your hemoglobin levels
Here are some tips to keep in mind to increase your hemoglobin levels:
Switch to brown rice: As a superfood, brown rice can help prevent various diseases related to cholesterol and the gastrointestinal system. It is rich in iron, containing 0.52 milligrams of iron for every 100 grams.
Enjoy dark chocolate: With over 80% of cocoa, dark chocolate naturally improves hemoglobin levels. Plus, it is loaded with minerals, nutrients and antioxidants.
Drink nettle tea: The spice nettle has also proven to be a good source of iron and vitamin B and C. They can also play a part in increasing hemoglobin levels.
Exercise: Take up moderate to high-intensity exercise to help your body produce more hemoglobin to meet the oxygen demands of your body.
Stay tuned to the Activ Living Community. Keep up to date with the latest health tips and trends through expert videos, podcasts, articles, and much more in nutrition, fitness, mindfulness, and lifestyle conditions like Asthma, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Diabetes.
You may also be interested in the following blogs:
10 Vegetarian Foods That Are Rich In Iron
Want to Add Iron Rich Foods to Add in Your Diet? Check Out These Iron Rich Foods.
Authored by:
Vijaya

Posted on: #iteachmsu

Which Foods You Should Eat To Increase Hemoglobin Count?
Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein in red blood cells (RBCs)....
Authored by:
ASSESSING LEARNING
Friday, Sep 29, 2023
Posted on: #iteachmsu
NAVIGATING CONTEXT
Article For Software development life cycle
What is SDLC?
SDLC is a process followed for a software project, within a software organization. It consists of a detailed plan describing how to develop, maintain, replace and alter or enhance specific software. The life cycle defines a methodology for improving the quality of software and the overall development process.
The following figure is a graphical representation of the various stages of a typical SDLC.
A typical Software Development Life Cycle consists of the following stages −
Stage 1: Planning and Requirement Analysis
Requirement analysis is the most important and fundamental stage in SDLC. It is performed by the senior members of the team with inputs from the customer, the sales department, market surveys and domain experts in the industry. This information is then used to plan the basic project approach and to conduct product feasibility study in the economical, operational and technical areas.
Planning for the quality assurance requirements and identification of the risks associated with the project is also done in the planning stage. The outcome of the technical feasibility study is to define the various technical approaches that can be followed to implement the project successfully with minimum risks.
Stage 2: Defining Requirements
Once the requirement analysis is done the next step is to clearly define and document the product requirements and get them approved from the customer or the market analysts. This is done through an SRS (Software Requirement Specification) document which consists of all the product requirements to be designed and developed during the project life cycle.
Stage 3: Designing the Product Architecture
SRS is the reference for product architects to come out with the best architecture for the product to be developed. Based on the requirements specified in SRS, usually more than one design approach for the product architecture is proposed and documented in a DDS - Design Document Specification.
This DDS is reviewed by all the important stakeholders and based on various parameters as risk assessment, product robustness, design modularity, budget and time constraints, the best design approach is selected for the product.
A design approach clearly defines all the architectural modules of the product along with its communication and data flow representation with the external and third party modules (if any). The internal design of all the modules of the proposed architecture should be clearly defined with the minutest of the details in DDS.
Stage 4: Building or Developing the Product
In this stage of SDLC the actual development starts and the product is built. The programming code is generated as per DDS during this stage. If the design is performed in a detailed and organized manner, code generation can be accomplished without much hassle.
Developers must follow the coding guidelines defined by their organization and programming tools like compilers, interpreters, debuggers, etc. are used to generate the code. Different high level programming languages such as C, C++, Pascal, Java and PHP are used for coding. The programming language is chosen with respect to the type of software being developed.
Stage 5: Testing the Product
This stage is usually a subset of all the stages as in the modern SDLC models, the testing activities are mostly involved in all the stages of SDLC. However, this stage refers to the testing only stage of the product where product defects are reported, tracked, fixed and retested, until the product reaches the quality standards defined in the SRS.
Stage 6: Deployment in the Market and Maintenance
Once the product is tested and ready to be deployed it is released formally in the appropriate market. Sometimes product deployment happens in stages as per the business strategy of that organization. The product may first be released in a limited segment and tested in the real business environment (UAT- User acceptance testing).
Then based on the feedback, the product may be released as it is or with suggested enhancements in the targeting market segment. After the product is released in the market, its maintenance is done for the existing customer base.Video link:Embedded video link:Link: https://projects.invisionapp.com/d/main#/console/20294675/458743820/preview
SDLC is a process followed for a software project, within a software organization. It consists of a detailed plan describing how to develop, maintain, replace and alter or enhance specific software. The life cycle defines a methodology for improving the quality of software and the overall development process.
The following figure is a graphical representation of the various stages of a typical SDLC.
A typical Software Development Life Cycle consists of the following stages −
Stage 1: Planning and Requirement Analysis
Requirement analysis is the most important and fundamental stage in SDLC. It is performed by the senior members of the team with inputs from the customer, the sales department, market surveys and domain experts in the industry. This information is then used to plan the basic project approach and to conduct product feasibility study in the economical, operational and technical areas.
Planning for the quality assurance requirements and identification of the risks associated with the project is also done in the planning stage. The outcome of the technical feasibility study is to define the various technical approaches that can be followed to implement the project successfully with minimum risks.
Stage 2: Defining Requirements
Once the requirement analysis is done the next step is to clearly define and document the product requirements and get them approved from the customer or the market analysts. This is done through an SRS (Software Requirement Specification) document which consists of all the product requirements to be designed and developed during the project life cycle.
Stage 3: Designing the Product Architecture
SRS is the reference for product architects to come out with the best architecture for the product to be developed. Based on the requirements specified in SRS, usually more than one design approach for the product architecture is proposed and documented in a DDS - Design Document Specification.
This DDS is reviewed by all the important stakeholders and based on various parameters as risk assessment, product robustness, design modularity, budget and time constraints, the best design approach is selected for the product.
A design approach clearly defines all the architectural modules of the product along with its communication and data flow representation with the external and third party modules (if any). The internal design of all the modules of the proposed architecture should be clearly defined with the minutest of the details in DDS.
Stage 4: Building or Developing the Product
In this stage of SDLC the actual development starts and the product is built. The programming code is generated as per DDS during this stage. If the design is performed in a detailed and organized manner, code generation can be accomplished without much hassle.
Developers must follow the coding guidelines defined by their organization and programming tools like compilers, interpreters, debuggers, etc. are used to generate the code. Different high level programming languages such as C, C++, Pascal, Java and PHP are used for coding. The programming language is chosen with respect to the type of software being developed.
Stage 5: Testing the Product
This stage is usually a subset of all the stages as in the modern SDLC models, the testing activities are mostly involved in all the stages of SDLC. However, this stage refers to the testing only stage of the product where product defects are reported, tracked, fixed and retested, until the product reaches the quality standards defined in the SRS.
Stage 6: Deployment in the Market and Maintenance
Once the product is tested and ready to be deployed it is released formally in the appropriate market. Sometimes product deployment happens in stages as per the business strategy of that organization. The product may first be released in a limited segment and tested in the real business environment (UAT- User acceptance testing).
Then based on the feedback, the product may be released as it is or with suggested enhancements in the targeting market segment. After the product is released in the market, its maintenance is done for the existing customer base.Video link:Embedded video link:Link: https://projects.invisionapp.com/d/main#/console/20294675/458743820/preview
Authored by:
Vijayalaxmi vishvanath mali

Posted on: #iteachmsu

Article For Software development life cycle
What is SDLC?
SDLC is a process followed for a software project, wi...
SDLC is a process followed for a software project, wi...
Authored by:
NAVIGATING CONTEXT
Wednesday, Nov 22, 2023
Posted on: #iteachmsu
PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN
Facilitating Independent Group Projects
The group project is a much-dreaded component of undergraduate courses, doubly so if students are expected to create their own project from scratch. However, instructors consistently return to the independent group project as an exercise that, if done properly, stimulates student inquiry and cooperation. In this post, I reflect on my experiences facilitating student-led group projects in a biology course and relate these experiences to the commonalities of independent group work across disciplines. I outline four common issues related to independent group projects, then provide the rationale for managing each issue to maximize learning outcomes.
Issue #1: Students Don’t See the Value of Independent Projects
With several classes, part-time jobs, extracurricular activities, and a social life to manage, we can imagine why undergraduates may prefer working on a prescribed project rather than one they design themselves. Independent projects require a lot of brainpower and effort, and we are all likely inclined to gravitate toward projects in which we can work on each step in a straightforward manner. Much of the work that students will encounter outside the classroom, however, requires flexibility and creativity. Using inquiry is essential to translate knowledge into new situations, and independent projects are a great opportunity to practice inquiry.
Tips
Emphasize the real-world skills that students gain. This can be particularly valuable for students who aren’t necessarily interested in the subject matter but can see the benefits they gain in other areas, such as problem solving and managing a team.
Explain how each component of the independent project emulates a real practice in the discipline. This communicates to your students that you are putting them through this experience to help them develop their competencies, not to waste their time.
Treat every pitfall as a lesson, not as an opportunity to point out deficiencies. If something goes wrong, help the students figure out a way to move forward. Then, ask the students what they learned from the experience (e.g., how to better communicate, the value of a contingency plan, time management) and how they might strategize differently if confronted with a similar situation.
Issue #2: Designing and Conducting Independent Projects is Overwhelming
Often, the end product of an independent project seems like an unattainable goal. The concept of an independent project can provide freedom, but the lack of structure can leave students feeling lost and unsure of their path. They key for instructors is to provide structure (e.g., schedules, formatting guidelines) without stifling opportunities for students to be creative and take charge of their own learning.
Tips
Break down the project into manageable goals. Create a guide for students that details out the specific steps that lead to the end product, which includes due dates for smaller components of the project. This will help students feel competent as they achieve each small task and to better manage their time.
Provide iterative feedback. If the only evaluation students receive on their work is their final project grade, they don’t have the opportunity to improve and learn along the way. Checking in with students as they reach each small goal allows both students and instructor to keep track of progress and to make adjustments if a group has gotten off-course.
Take time in class to praise students for their progress. Students may have trouble perceiving their accomplishments, so bringing them up will help to increase student confidence moving forward with the project.
Help groups work through challenges in a structured manner. Ask groups to bring up challenges they have encountered lately, and run a brainstorming session with the entire class to overcome these challenges. Often, other groups will have encountered similar challenges, so working through them together helps students feel more competent and build a sense of community among classmates.
Issue #3: Group Members do not Contribute Equally
A common issue in group projects is that some students don’t have the time or interest to fully participate. This puts an undue burden on the other group members, who must take on a larger role in the project than intended. Instructors can minimize the incentive to “slack off” and create strategies for teams to manage uncooperative group members.
Tips
Have students create a team contract. Provide students with a general template for a group contract with space to detail procedures for written communication among teammates, goals for the project, and consequences for group members who don’t pull their weight. All students should contribute to the creation of the contract and sign it. If an issue arises at any point during the project, the group has a clear path forward to correct the issue.
Build in opportunities for every member to contribute. The threat of being held individually accountable is often enough motivation for students to pull their weight. Take time in class to consult with each group individually or run brainstorming sessions with the entire class, asking individual students to share their experience or discuss project results.
Issue #4: Group Members Have Disparate Goals
Group projects can be frustrating if students clash with teammates due to differing interests or goals. While it’s impossible to remove all disagreement among group members, creating a positive collaborative atmosphere can help students discuss and pursue their goals in a supportive manner.
Tips
Form groups based on mutual interests. Ask students to sit in different sections of the classroom based on potential project topics, then organize the students into groups based on their “interest zone.” An added bonus to this approach is that student groups will automatically have something in common, which can help them form social bonds and increase the enjoyment of working together.
Make time at the start of the project for students to discuss goals. Talking about how the project might relate to their goals for the course, their undergraduate education, and/or their career helps students understand the motivations of their teammates. When group members understand each other’s motivations, they can adjust their expectations and support the achievement of a variety of goals.
While your students may not enjoy the long hours, issues with teammates, and frustrations that accompany the independent group project, they may come to appreciate the lessons learned from their experiences. An example of working through a road block on their project could become a scenario they describe in a job interview. Dealing with an uncooperative group member could inform their approach to team management in their career. Engaging in inquiry could become the foundation for a student’s decision to pursue graduate school. Keep these outcomes in mind, and make every effort to put a positive spin on student progress.
Further Reading
Guide: “What are Best Practices for Designing Group Projects?” from Carnegie Mellon University. https://www.cmu.edu/teaching/designteach/design/instructionalstrategies/groupprojects/design.html
Guide: “Group Work: Using Cooperative Learning Groups Effectively” from Vanderbilt University. https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/setting-up-and-facilitating-group-work-using-cooperative-learning-groups-effectively/
Guide: “Successful Group Projects” from University of Leicester. https://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/study/group-projects
Article: Creating Positive Group Project Experiences by Chapman and van Auken. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0273475301232005
Issue #1: Students Don’t See the Value of Independent Projects
With several classes, part-time jobs, extracurricular activities, and a social life to manage, we can imagine why undergraduates may prefer working on a prescribed project rather than one they design themselves. Independent projects require a lot of brainpower and effort, and we are all likely inclined to gravitate toward projects in which we can work on each step in a straightforward manner. Much of the work that students will encounter outside the classroom, however, requires flexibility and creativity. Using inquiry is essential to translate knowledge into new situations, and independent projects are a great opportunity to practice inquiry.
Tips
Emphasize the real-world skills that students gain. This can be particularly valuable for students who aren’t necessarily interested in the subject matter but can see the benefits they gain in other areas, such as problem solving and managing a team.
Explain how each component of the independent project emulates a real practice in the discipline. This communicates to your students that you are putting them through this experience to help them develop their competencies, not to waste their time.
Treat every pitfall as a lesson, not as an opportunity to point out deficiencies. If something goes wrong, help the students figure out a way to move forward. Then, ask the students what they learned from the experience (e.g., how to better communicate, the value of a contingency plan, time management) and how they might strategize differently if confronted with a similar situation.
Issue #2: Designing and Conducting Independent Projects is Overwhelming
Often, the end product of an independent project seems like an unattainable goal. The concept of an independent project can provide freedom, but the lack of structure can leave students feeling lost and unsure of their path. They key for instructors is to provide structure (e.g., schedules, formatting guidelines) without stifling opportunities for students to be creative and take charge of their own learning.
Tips
Break down the project into manageable goals. Create a guide for students that details out the specific steps that lead to the end product, which includes due dates for smaller components of the project. This will help students feel competent as they achieve each small task and to better manage their time.
Provide iterative feedback. If the only evaluation students receive on their work is their final project grade, they don’t have the opportunity to improve and learn along the way. Checking in with students as they reach each small goal allows both students and instructor to keep track of progress and to make adjustments if a group has gotten off-course.
Take time in class to praise students for their progress. Students may have trouble perceiving their accomplishments, so bringing them up will help to increase student confidence moving forward with the project.
Help groups work through challenges in a structured manner. Ask groups to bring up challenges they have encountered lately, and run a brainstorming session with the entire class to overcome these challenges. Often, other groups will have encountered similar challenges, so working through them together helps students feel more competent and build a sense of community among classmates.
Issue #3: Group Members do not Contribute Equally
A common issue in group projects is that some students don’t have the time or interest to fully participate. This puts an undue burden on the other group members, who must take on a larger role in the project than intended. Instructors can minimize the incentive to “slack off” and create strategies for teams to manage uncooperative group members.
Tips
Have students create a team contract. Provide students with a general template for a group contract with space to detail procedures for written communication among teammates, goals for the project, and consequences for group members who don’t pull their weight. All students should contribute to the creation of the contract and sign it. If an issue arises at any point during the project, the group has a clear path forward to correct the issue.
Build in opportunities for every member to contribute. The threat of being held individually accountable is often enough motivation for students to pull their weight. Take time in class to consult with each group individually or run brainstorming sessions with the entire class, asking individual students to share their experience or discuss project results.
Issue #4: Group Members Have Disparate Goals
Group projects can be frustrating if students clash with teammates due to differing interests or goals. While it’s impossible to remove all disagreement among group members, creating a positive collaborative atmosphere can help students discuss and pursue their goals in a supportive manner.
Tips
Form groups based on mutual interests. Ask students to sit in different sections of the classroom based on potential project topics, then organize the students into groups based on their “interest zone.” An added bonus to this approach is that student groups will automatically have something in common, which can help them form social bonds and increase the enjoyment of working together.
Make time at the start of the project for students to discuss goals. Talking about how the project might relate to their goals for the course, their undergraduate education, and/or their career helps students understand the motivations of their teammates. When group members understand each other’s motivations, they can adjust their expectations and support the achievement of a variety of goals.
While your students may not enjoy the long hours, issues with teammates, and frustrations that accompany the independent group project, they may come to appreciate the lessons learned from their experiences. An example of working through a road block on their project could become a scenario they describe in a job interview. Dealing with an uncooperative group member could inform their approach to team management in their career. Engaging in inquiry could become the foundation for a student’s decision to pursue graduate school. Keep these outcomes in mind, and make every effort to put a positive spin on student progress.
Further Reading
Guide: “What are Best Practices for Designing Group Projects?” from Carnegie Mellon University. https://www.cmu.edu/teaching/designteach/design/instructionalstrategies/groupprojects/design.html
Guide: “Group Work: Using Cooperative Learning Groups Effectively” from Vanderbilt University. https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/setting-up-and-facilitating-group-work-using-cooperative-learning-groups-effectively/
Guide: “Successful Group Projects” from University of Leicester. https://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/study/group-projects
Article: Creating Positive Group Project Experiences by Chapman and van Auken. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0273475301232005
Posted by:
Chathuri Super admin..
Posted on: #iteachmsu
Facilitating Independent Group Projects
The group project is a much-dreaded component of undergraduate cour...
Posted by:
PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN
Monday, Aug 6, 2018
Posted on: #iteachmsu
PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN
Organizations can successfully manage change—and make sure the changes stick. BCG explains the impact of the Change Delta
They were wrong. It soon became obvious that employees, less than engaged, were more likely to roll their eyes than roll up their sleeves when the new change requirements were explained to them. "Change fatigue" was ubiquitous. After all, the current effort was just the latest in a long string of change efforts—few of which had succeeded.
Even more worrisome: proof of resistance was everywhere, confidence in the company's senior management was low, and there was little clarity concerning the factors by which employees were measured. Long story short: the changes went nowhere fast. In that respect, the energy company was no different from the myriads of other organizations that fail to do a proper job of delivering transformational changes.
Today, the company's story is quite different. The targeted savings have been achieved—and are being sustained. Many of the company's functions are cost-effective, thanks largely to motivated in-house teams of line managers. The key initiatives are explicitly defined and owned, and managers know which milestones the organization must achieve and when, as well as which course corrections they must make if a milestone is likely to be missed.
Ref
Testing article
Even more worrisome: proof of resistance was everywhere, confidence in the company's senior management was low, and there was little clarity concerning the factors by which employees were measured. Long story short: the changes went nowhere fast. In that respect, the energy company was no different from the myriads of other organizations that fail to do a proper job of delivering transformational changes.
Today, the company's story is quite different. The targeted savings have been achieved—and are being sustained. Many of the company's functions are cost-effective, thanks largely to motivated in-house teams of line managers. The key initiatives are explicitly defined and owned, and managers know which milestones the organization must achieve and when, as well as which course corrections they must make if a milestone is likely to be missed.
Ref
Testing article
Authored by:
Chathuri
Posted on: #iteachmsu
Organizations can successfully manage change—and make sure the changes stick. BCG explains the impact of the Change Delta
They were wrong. It soon became obvious that employees, less than e...
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PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN
Saturday, Sep 14, 2019
Posted on: #iteachmsu
NAVIGATING CONTEXT
Nutrition -- parent group public article.
Nutrition information provides insights into the essential nutrients and their quantities found in food, aiding in making informed dietary choices to support health and well-being.
Here's a breakdown of key aspects of nutrition information:
1. What is Nutrition?
Nutrition is the process of taking in food and converting it into energy and other vital nutrients required for life.
It involves the body's ability to ingest, digest, absorb, and utilize nutrients from food for growth, development, and maintaining health.
Essential nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and water.
2. Why is Nutrition Important?
Growth and Development:
Proper nutrition is crucial for the healthy growth and development of children and adolescents.
Health and Well-being:
It supports overall health and well-being, contributing to a strong immune system and reducing the risk of chronic diseases.
Energy:
Nutrients provide the body with the energy it needs to function, move, and perform daily activities.
Disease Prevention:
A balanced diet can help prevent or manage various diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers.
3. Key Nutrients and Their Functions:
Carbohydrates: The body's primary source of energy.
Proteins: Essential for building and repairing tissues, and also provide energy.
Fats: Provide energy, support cell function, and help the body absorb certain vitamins.
Vitamins and Minerals: Crucial for various bodily functions, including immune function, bone health, and nerve function.
Dietary Fiber: Aids in digestion and promotes healthy bowel movements.
Water: Essential for all bodily functions, including hydration and nutrient transport.
4. How to Find Nutrition Information:
Food Labels:
Most packaged foods have nutrition information labels that list key nutrients and their amounts per serving.
Online Resources:
Websites and apps provide nutritional information for various foods and recipes.
Consult Professionals:
Registered dietitians or nutritionists can offer personalized guidance on nutrition needs.
Here's a breakdown of key aspects of nutrition information:
1. What is Nutrition?
Nutrition is the process of taking in food and converting it into energy and other vital nutrients required for life.
It involves the body's ability to ingest, digest, absorb, and utilize nutrients from food for growth, development, and maintaining health.
Essential nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and water.
2. Why is Nutrition Important?
Growth and Development:
Proper nutrition is crucial for the healthy growth and development of children and adolescents.
Health and Well-being:
It supports overall health and well-being, contributing to a strong immune system and reducing the risk of chronic diseases.
Energy:
Nutrients provide the body with the energy it needs to function, move, and perform daily activities.
Disease Prevention:
A balanced diet can help prevent or manage various diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers.
3. Key Nutrients and Their Functions:
Carbohydrates: The body's primary source of energy.
Proteins: Essential for building and repairing tissues, and also provide energy.
Fats: Provide energy, support cell function, and help the body absorb certain vitamins.
Vitamins and Minerals: Crucial for various bodily functions, including immune function, bone health, and nerve function.
Dietary Fiber: Aids in digestion and promotes healthy bowel movements.
Water: Essential for all bodily functions, including hydration and nutrient transport.
4. How to Find Nutrition Information:
Food Labels:
Most packaged foods have nutrition information labels that list key nutrients and their amounts per serving.
Online Resources:
Websites and apps provide nutritional information for various foods and recipes.
Consult Professionals:
Registered dietitians or nutritionists can offer personalized guidance on nutrition needs.
Authored by:
Vijaya

Posted on: #iteachmsu

Nutrition -- parent group public article.
Nutrition information provides insights into the essential nut...
Authored by:
NAVIGATING CONTEXT
Monday, Jul 14, 2025
Posted on: #iteachmsu
Beyond space missions, this approachable design allows Laika to integrate into domestic contexts.
In the intersection of space travel and robotics, Jihee Kim introduces Laika — a concept design for a life-like, AI robot pet that can interact with humans. Laika has been designed for upcoming space projects such as NASA’s Artemis and Moon to Mars missions set for 2025-2030, envisioned as the ultimate companion for space explorers as it caters to both their physical and emotional well-being while they are away from home. Unlike the aggressive robotic dogs currently available on the market, Jihee Kim has designed Laika with a friendly and organic finish that enables it to connect to its human counterpart on an emotional level when in use while monitoring their health conditions and assisting them in emergencies. Beyond space missions, this approachable design allows Laika to integrate into domestic contexts.
Image :
video link : Embedded URL test :
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Rohit
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Shweta
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URL : https://www.designboom.com/technology/life-like-ai-robot-dog-laika-space-travelers-jihee-kim-11-19-2023/
Image :
video link : Embedded URL test :
Table :
Sr NO
Assignee
Task
Cat 1
Rohit
Test 1
Cat 2
Shweta
Test 2
Numbering :
Number 1
Number 2
Bullets :
Bullets 1
Bullets 2
Bullets 3
URL : https://www.designboom.com/technology/life-like-ai-robot-dog-laika-space-travelers-jihee-kim-11-19-2023/
Authored by:
vijayalaxmi vishwanath mali

Posted on: #iteachmsu
robot pet that can interact with humans.
In the intersection of space travel and robotics, Jihee Kim introduces Laika — a concept design for a life-like, AI robot pet that can interact with humans. Laika has been designed for upcoming space projects such as NASA’s Artemis and Moon to Mars missions set for 2025-2030, envisioned as the ultimate companion for space explorers as it caters to both their physical and emotional well-being while they are away from home. Unlike the aggressive robotic dogs currently available on the market, Jihee Kim has designed Laika with a friendly and organic finish that enables it to connect to its human counterpart on an emotional level when in use while monitoring their health conditions and assisting them in emergencies. Beyond space missions, this approachable design allows Laika to integrate into domestic contexts.
Image :
video link : Embedded URL test :
Table :
Sr NO
Assignee
Task
Cat 1
Rohit
Test 1
Cat 2
Shweta
Test 2
Numbering :
Number 1
Number 2
Bullets :
Bullets 1
Bullets 2
Bullets 3
URL : https://www.designboom.com/technology/life-like-ai-robot-dog-laika-space-travelers-jihee-kim-11-19-2023/
Image :
video link : Embedded URL test :
Table :
Sr NO
Assignee
Task
Cat 1
Rohit
Test 1
Cat 2
Shweta
Test 2
Numbering :
Number 1
Number 2
Bullets :
Bullets 1
Bullets 2
Bullets 3
URL : https://www.designboom.com/technology/life-like-ai-robot-dog-laika-space-travelers-jihee-kim-11-19-2023/
Authored by:
Vijayalaxmi vishwanath mali

Posted on: #iteachmsu

robot pet that can interact with humans.
In the intersection of space travel and robotics, Jihee Kim in...
Authored by:
Wednesday, Nov 22, 2023