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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vr8pNgjI9Ig
 
new technology 
 
In technology development significant advances are as often the result of a series of evolutionary steps as they are of breakthroughs. This is illustrated by the examples of the steam engine and the computer. Breakthroughs, such as the transistor, are relatively rare, and are often the result of the introduction of new knowledge coming from a quite different area. Technology development is often difficult to predict because of its complexity; practical considerations may far outweigh apparent scientific advantages, and cultural factors enter in at many levels. In a large technological organization problems exist in bringing scientific knowledge to bear on development, but much can be done to obviate these difficulties.

Department of Haematology
Notes

Full blood counts are performed on automated equipment and provide haemoglobin concentration, red cell indices, white cell count (with a differential count) and platelet count.
The presence of abnormal white cell and red cell morphology is flagged by the analysers.
Blood films may be inspected to confirm and interpret abnormalities identified by the cell counter, or to look for certain specific haematological abnormalities.
Grossly abnormal FBC results and abnormal blood films will be phoned through to the requestor.
There is no need to request a blood film to obtain a differential white count. It is, however, important that clinical details are provided to allow the laboratory to decide whether a blood film, in addition to the automated analysis, is required.
Under some circumstances a differential is not routinely performed, e.g. pre-op, post-op, antenatal and postnatal requests.
Full Blood Counts are performed at CGH and GRH
See also: Reticulocyte Count

The FBC comprises the following tests
Standard

Haemoglobin (Hb)
White Blood Count (WBC)
Platelet Count (Plt)
Red Cell Count (RBC)
Haematocrit (HCT)
Mean Cell Volume - Red cell (MCV)
Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH)

Differential White Cell Count (where applicable)

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

And if appropriate

Blood Film

Sample Requirements
2ml or 4ml EDTA sample or a Paediatric 1ml EDTA sample.

 

Sample Storage and Retention

Pre analysis storage: do not store, send to laboratory within 4 hours.
Sample retention by lab: EDTA samples are retained for a minimum of 48 hours at 2-10°C
Transport of samples may affect sample viability, i.e. FBC results will degenerate if exposed to high temperatures, such as prolonged transportation in a hot car in summer.

This test can be added on to a previous request as long as there is sufficient sample remaining and the sample is less than 24 hours old.
Turnaround Times

Clinical emergency: 30 mins
Other urgent sample: 60 mins
Routine: within 2 hours

Reference Ranges


If references ranges are required for paediatric patients please contact the laboratory for these.

Parameter Patient Reference Range Units Haemoglobin Adult Male 130 - 180 g/L   Adult Female 115 - 165 g/L Red Cell Count Adult Male 4.50 - 6.50 x10^12/L   Adult Female 3.80 - 5.80 x10^12/L Haematocrit Adult Male 0.40 - 0.54 L/L   Adult Female 0.37 - 0.47 L/L Mean Cell Volume Adult 80 - 100 fL Mean Cell Haemoglobin Adult 27 - 32 pg White Cell Count Adult 3.6 - 11.0 x10^9/L Neutrophils Adult 1.8 - 7.5 x10^9/L Lymphocytes Adult 1.0 - 4.0 x10^9/L Monocytes Adult 0.2 - 0.8 x10^9/L Eosinophils Adult 0.1 - 0.4 x10^9/L Basophils Adult 0.02 - 0.10 x10^9/L Platelet Count Adult 140 - 400 x10^9/L

REF: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-organizationalbehavior/chapter/what-is-organizational-behavior
In a nutshell, organizational behavior is the study of how human behavior affects an organization. Organizational behavior aims to learn how an organization operates through the behaviors of its members. Instead of taking a strictly numerical approach to determine an organization’s operations, it takes a more psychological approach. By understanding people, you can better understand an organization
 
The academic study of organizational behavior can be dated back to Taylor’s scientific theory . However, certain components of organizational behavior can date back even further. In this section we will discuss how organizational behavior developed into a field of its own.
Looking back thousands of years we can find components of organizational behavior. Famous philosophers like Plato and Aristotle discussed key components of today’s organizations including the importance of leadership and clear communication. While these seem like very basic and broad concepts today, at the time they were innovative ideas and helped to lay the foundation for organizational behavior.
If organizational behavior were a simple topic, this course would be short and sweet. We could simply say that organizational behavior is how people and groups act within an organization. But it’s not so simple!
When organizational behavior grew into an academic study with the rise of the Industrial Revolution, it began to complicate what could appear to be simple topics. People began asking a lot of questions and started critiquing how organizations operated. Like many academic ventures, people began to deep dive into how behavior plays a role in organizations and why changes in behavior alter the way organizations operate. Along the way, organizational behavior has grown to incorporate components of management, psychology, leadership, personality traits, motivation, etc.
Organizational behavior has grown into its own niche within a wide variety of other genres. This is exciting because it allows us to really investigate each and every aspect of behavior within an organization! Today, organizational behavior is recognized as an essential component of an organization. Scholars and businesses alike recognize its importance and continue to help it adapt to current issues and new findings.

Nature heals
Being in nature, or even viewing scenes of nature, reduces anger, fear, and stress and increases pleasant feelings. Exposure to nature not only makes you feel better emotionally, but it also contributes to your physical wellbeing, reducing blood pressure, heart rate, muscle tension, and the production of stress hormones.
In addition, nature helps us cope with pain. Because we are genetically programmed to find trees, plants, water, and other nature elements engrossing, we are absorbed by nature scenes and distracted from our pain and discomfort.

muscle tension
physical wellbeing
reducing blood pressure

Nature restores
One of the most intriguing areas of current research is the impact of nature on general wellbeing. In one study in Mind, 95% of those interviewed said their mood improved after spending time outside, changing from depressed, stressed, and anxious to more calm and balanced. Other studies by Ulrich, Kim, and Cervinka show that time in nature or scenes of nature are associated with a positive mood, and psychological wellbeing, meaningfulness, and vitality.

Nature
Flowers
Plants

http://www.scielo.br/revistas/gmb/iaboutj.htm#001
https://venturit.atlassian.net/browse/IT-1478  




Genetics and Molecular Biology is abstracted or indexed in:

PubMed
Science Citacion Index Expanded
Current Contents/Life Sciences
ISI Web of Science
Biotechnology Citation Index
Biological Abstracts
Excerpta Medica
Genetics Abstracts
Animal Breeding Abstracts
Plant Breeding Abstracts
Chemical Abstracts
Referativnyi Zhurnal (Abstracts Journal, Russia)
Periódica (UNAM-Mexico)
Lilacs

Estimating and analyzing the Earth Energy Imbalance (EEI) is essential for understanding the evolution of the Earth’s climate. This is possible only through a careful computation and monitoring of the climate-energy budget. The climate system exchanges energy with outer space at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) (through radiation) and with solid Earth at the Earth’s crust surface (essentially through geothermal flux). If the climate system were free from external perturbations and internal variability during millennia, then the climate-energy budget would be in a steady state in which the net TOA radiation budget compensates the geothermal flux of +0.08 Wm–2 (Davies and Davies, 2010).
But the climate system is not free from external perturbations and from internal variability. Although the geothermal flux does not generate any perturbations at interannual to millennial time scales (because it varies only at geological time scales), other external forcings from natural origin (such as the solar radiation, the volcanic activity) or anthropogenic origin (such as Greenhouse Gas emissions –GHG-) perturb the system.
 
REf:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00432/full

common myths
for Advanced
AI:A captivating conversation is taking place about the future of artificial intelligence and what it will/should mean for humanity. There are fascinating controversies where the world’s leading experts disagree, such as AI’s future impact on the job market; if/when human-level AI will be developed; whether this will lead to an intelligence explosion; and whether this is something we should welcome or fear. But there are also many examples of boring pseudo-controversies caused by people misunderstanding and talking past each other. 

TIMELINE MYTHS



The first myth regards the timeline: how long will it take until machines greatly supersede human-level intelligence? A common misconception is that we know the answer with great certainty.
One popular myth is that we know we’ll get superhuman AI this century. In fact, history is full of technological over-hyping. Where are those fusion power plants and flying cars we were promised we’d have by now? AI has also been repeatedly over-hyped in the past, even by some of the founders of the field. For example, John McCarthy (who coined the term “artificial intelligence”), Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester, and Claude Shannon wrote this overly optimistic forecast about what could be accomplished during two months with stone-age computers: “We propose that a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence be carried out during the summer of 1956 at Dartmouth College […] An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions, and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves. We think that a significant advance can be made in one or more of these problems if a carefully selected group of scientists work on it together for a summer.”

CONTROVERSY MYTHS



Another common misconception is that the only people harboring concerns about AI and advocating AI safety research are Luddites who don’t know much about AI. When Stuart Russell, author of the standard AI textbook, mentioned this during his Puerto Rico talk, the audience laughed loudly. A related misconception is that supporting AI safety research is hugely controversial. In fact, to support a modest investment in AI safety research, people don’t need to be convinced that risks are high, merely non-negligible — just as a modest investment in home insurance is justified by a non-negligible probability of the home burning down.

Forest ecosystems are a critical component of the world’s biodiversity as many forests are more biodiverse than other ecosystems.
Forests cover 31 percent of the global land area. Approximately half the forest area is relatively intact, and more than one-third is primary forest (i.e. naturally regenerated forests of native species, where there are no visible indications of human activities and the ecological processes are not significantly disturbed).
The total forest area is 4.06 billion hectares, or approximately 5 000m2 (or 50 x 100m) per person, but forests are not equally distributed around the globe.
More than half of the world’s forests are found in only five countries (the Russian Federation, Brazil, Canada, the United States of America and China) and two-thirds (66 percent) of forests are found in ten countries.