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Specail issue "Distributes, interconnected andDemocratic Agri-Food Economics New Directions is Research"
 
Agri-food economies are socio-technical systems converting natural resources into food and ecosystem services and distributing them to consumers mainly through supply chains and markets. This book considers agri-food economies as “economies on their own” distinct to economies in general since they deliver food, which is indispensable for the continuity and quality of human life, and they are located at the complex interface between nature and society.
Today, technological global agri-food economies dominated by vertically integrated, large enterprises are failing in meeting the challenge of feeding a growing global population within the limits of “planetary boundaries” and they are characterized by a “triple fracture” between agri-food economies and their three constitutive elements: nature, consumers and producers.
 

Researcher Laura Greenstein sums up a professional consensus on formative assessment, which is rooted in three significant concepts:

Formative assessment is focused on students.
Formative assessment is instructionally informative.
Formative assessment is based on outcomes. Frequent opportunities for teachers to identify student progress and provide feedback are at the heart of formative assessment. Formative assessments are used to capture snapshots of students' knowledge or skill at particular moments. There are many ways that teachers generate these snapshots of how their students are doing to track their progress.

Some aspects of effective formative assessment strategies include:

Use questions as assessments and as feedback that moves learning forward.
Involve students in thinking about their learning.
Plan to assess learning during and between lessons (short-cycle formative assessment).
Provide immediate feedback.
Look for patterns in student work and plan future instruction based on the results.